Links and publications (Laos) (2)

Links

Ministry of Health, Govt. of Lao PDR (http://www.moh.gov.la/index_en.html)

Francophone Institute of Tropical Medicine (http://www.ifmt.auf.org)

Internal medicine and Paediatric Residency training programme
(http://www.healthfrontiers.org/Projects/Laos/laos.htm)

WHO-Vientiane (http://www.who.int/countries/lao/en/)


Publications

We publish a newsletter “The Mahosot Microbiology Review” in English and Lao, describing the results of the hospital-based work, which is distributed throughout Laos to try and disseminate the new information quickly and efficiently.

The Mahosot Microbiology Review – English language version.

MMR 1, MMR 2, MMR 3, MMR 4, MMR 5, MMR 6

The Mahosot Microbiology Review - Lao language version

MMR 4, MMR 5, MMR 6

List of publications

1. Phetsouvanh R, Phongmany S,Newton PN, Mayxay M, Ramsay A, Wuthiekanun V, and White NJ. (2001) Melioidosis and Pandora's box in Lao PDR. 32,653 – 654.Clinical Infectious Diseases
   
   
2. Newton PN, Proux S, Green M, Smithuis F, Rozendaal J, Prakongpan S, Chotivanich K, Mayxay M, Looareesuwan S, Farrar J, Nosten F, and White NJ (2001) Fake artesunate in southeast Asia. Lancet 357, 1948-1950.
   
   
3. Soukaloun D, Kounnavong S, Pengdy B, Boupha B, Durondej S, Ollness K, Newton PN, and White NJ (2003) Dietary and socioeconomic factors associated with infantile beriberi in breastfed Lao infants. Ann Trop Paediatrics 23, 181-6
   
   
4. Newton PN, Dondorp A, Green M, Mayxay M, White NJ (2003) Counterfeit artesunate antimalarials in SE Asia. Lancet 362, 169.
   
   
5. Mayxay M, Phetsouvanh R, Phompida S, Newton PN, Khanthavong M, VannachoneB, Brockman A, White NJ (2003) A randomized comparison of oral chloroquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Lao PDR (Laos). Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 97, 343-4.
   
   
6. Mayxay M, Newton PN, Khanthavong M, Pongvongsa T, Phetsouvanh R, Phompida S, Brockman A,White NJ (2003) Chloroquine versus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment of falciparum malaria in Savannakhet province, Lao PDR; an assessment of national antimalarial drug recommendations. Clinical Infectious Diseases 37, 1021-8.
   
   
7. Mayxay M, Newton PN, Yeung S, Pongvongsa T, Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R, White NJ (2003) An assessment of the use of malaria rapid tests by village health volunteers in rural Laos. Trop Med Int Health 9, 325-9.
   
   
8. Nair S, Williams JT, Brockman A, Paiphun L, Mayxay M, Newton PN, Guthmann JP, Smithuis FM, Hien TT, White NJ, Nosten F, Anderson TJ (2003) A selective sweep driven by pyrimethamine treatment in southeast Asian malaria parasites. Mol Biol Evol. 20, 1526-36.
   
   
9. Mayxay M, Pukrittayakamee S, Newton PN, White NJ (2004) Mixed species malaria infections in humans. Trends in Parasitology 20, 233- 240.
   
   
10. Mayxay M, Khanthavong M, Lindegårdh N, Keola S, Barends M,  Pongvongsa T, Yapom  R, Annerberg A, Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R, White NJ, Newton PN (2004) Randomized comparison of chloroquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine versus artesunate plus mefloquine versus artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Lao PDR (Laos). Clinical Infectious Diseases 39, 1139-47.
    
    
11. Newton PN (2004) The hazards of counterfeit antimalarials in Asia. BirdingAsia - Bull Oriental Bird Club 1, 72-74.
    
    
12. Alter K, Fernandez F, Green M, Newton PN (2004) Analysis of counterfeit antimalarial drugs. Eur Pharm Rev 3, 1- 5.
    
    
13. Dondorp AM, P N Newton, M Mayxay, W Van Damme, F M Smithuis, S Yeung, A Petit, A J Lynam, A Johnson, T T Hien, R McGready, J J Farrar, S Looareesuwan, N P J Day, M D Green, N J White (2004) Fake antimalarials in Southeast Asia are a major impediment to malaria control: multinational cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of fake antimalarials. Trop Med Int Hlth 9, 1241-1246.
    
    
14. Newton PN, Chung WH, Phetsouvanh R, White NJ (2005) Sporotrichosis in a rice miller from the Plain of Jars, Lao PDR. Emerging Infectious Diseases 11, 1496-7.
    
    
15. Cockburn R, Newton PN, Agyarko EK, Akunyili D, White NJ (2005) The global threat of counterfeit drugs: why industry and governments must communicate the dangers. PLoS Medicine 2, e100.
    
    
16. Nash D, Nair S, Mayxay M, Newton PN, GuthmannJ-P, Nosten F, Anderson TJC (2005) Selection strength and hitchhiking around two antimalarial resistance genes. Proc Roy Soc Ser B. 272, 1153-1161.
    
    
17. Phongmany, S., Phetsouvanh, R., Sisouphone, S., Darasavath, C., Vongphachane, P., Rattanavong, O., Mayxay, M., Ramsay, A.C., Blacksell, S., Thammavong, C., Syhavong, B., White, N.J., Newton, P.N. (2005) A randomized comparison of oral chloramphenicol versus ofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in Laos. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 99, 451-458.
    
    
18. Wuthiekanun V, Mayxay M, Chierakul W, Phetsouvanh R, Cheng AC, White NJ, Day NP, Peacock SJ (2005) Detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil within the Lao People's Democratic Republic. J Clin Microbiol. 43: 923-4.
    
    
19. Phongmany S, Rolain JM, Phetsouvanh R, Blacksell SD, Soukkhaserm V , RasachackB, Phiasakha K, Soukkhaserm S, Frichithavong K, Chu V, Keolouangkhot V, Martinez-Aussel B, Chang K, Darasavath C, Rattanavong O, Sisouphone S, Mayxay M, VidamalyS, Parola P, ThammavongC,  Heuangvongsy M,Syhavong B, Raoult D, White NJ,  Newton PN (2006) Rickettsial infections and fever, Vientiane, Laos. Emerging Infectious Diseases 12, 256-262.
    
    
20. Mayxay M,Thongpraseuth V, Khanthavong M,Lindgårdh N, Barends M, Keola S,Pongvongsa T,  Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R,White NJ,Newton PN (2006) An open, randomized comparison of artesunate plus mefloquine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos). Trop Med Int Health 11, 1157-1185.
    
    
21. Newton PN, McGready R, Fernandez F, Green MD, Sunjio M, Bruneton C, Phanouvong S, Millet P, Whitty CJ, Talisuna AO, Proux S, Christophel EM, Malenga G, Singhasivanon P, Bojang K; Kaur H, Palmer  K,  DayNPJ, Greenwood BM, Nosten F, White NJ (2006) Manslaughter by fake artesunate in Asia –will Africa be next ? PLoS Medicine 3, e197.
    
    
22. Newton PN, Green MD, Fernández FM, Day NJP, White NJ (2006) Counterfeit anti-infective medicines. Lancet Infectious Diseases 6, 602-613.
    
    
23. Fernández FM, Cody RB, Green MD, Hampton CY, McGready R, Sengaloundeth S, White NJ, Newton PN (2006) Characterization of Solid Counterfeit Drug Samples by Desorption Electrospray Ionization and Direct-analysis-in-real-time Coupled to Time-of-flight MassSpectrometry. ChemMedChem 1, 702-705.
    
    
24. Blacksell SD, BellD, KelleyJ, Mammen MP, WutheikanunV, SungkakumA, PeacockSJ, Newton PN, DayNPJ (2006) The comparative accuracy of eight commercial immunochromatographic assays for the diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection. Clinical Infectious Disease 42, 1127-1134.
    
    
25. Blacksell SD, Doust JA, Newton PN, Peacock SJ, Day NP, Dondorp AM (2006) A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of rapid immunochromatographic assays for the detection of dengue virus IgM antibodies during acute infection. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100, 775-784.
    
    
26. Blacksell SD, Khounsy S, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN (2006) A simple and inexpensive container for the transport of biological specimens in limited resource situations. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100, 184-6.
    
    
27. Blacksell SD, SmytheL, PhetsouvanhR, DohntM, HartskeerlR, SymondsM, SlackA, VongsouvathM, DavongV, LattanaO, PhongmanyS, KeoluangkotV, White NJ, Day NPJ, Newton PN (2006) Limited diagnostic capacity of two commercial assays for the detection of Leptospira IgM antibodies in Laos. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 13, 1166-1169.
    
    
28. Hall KA, Newton PN, Green MD, De Veij M, Vandenaabele P, Pizzanelli D, Mayfong M, Dondorp A, Fernández F (2006) Characterization of counterfeit artesunate antimalarial tablets from Southeast Asia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 75, 804-811.
    
    
29. Phetsouvanh R, Phongmany S, Soukaloun D, Rasachak B, Soukhaseum V, Soukhaseum S, Frichithavong K, Khounolatha S, Pengdee B, Phiasakha K, Chu V, Luansay K, Rattanavong S, Sisouk K, Keolouangkot V, Mayxay M, Ramsay A, Blacksell SD, Campbell J, Martinez-Aussel B, Heuanvongsy MM, Bounxouai B, Thammavong C, Syhavong B, Strobel M, Peacock SJ, White NJ, Newton PN (2006)  Causes Of Community-Acquired Bacteremia And Patterns Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Vientiane, Laos. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 75, 978-985.
    
    
30. Sayasone S, Odermatt P, Vongphrachanh P, Keoluangkot V, Dupouy-Camet J, Newton PN, Strobel M (2006) A trichinellosis outbreak in Borikhamxay Province, Lao PDR. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 100, 1126-1129
    
    
31. de Viej M, Vandenabeele P , Hall KA, Fernandez FM, Green MD, Nicholas J White, Dondorp A, Newton PN, Moens L (2007) Fast detection and identification of counterfeit antimalarial tablets by Raman spectroscopy. J Raman Spectroscopy 38, 181-187.
    
    
32. Mayxay M, Berends M; Brockman A, Jaidee A, Nair S, Sudimack D, Pongvongsa T, Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R, Anderson TJC, White NJ, Newton PN (2007) In Vitro Antimalarial Drug Susceptibility And Pfcrt Mutation Amongst Fresh Plasmodium falciparum Isolates From The Lao P.D.R (Laos). Am J Trop Med Hyg. 76, 245-250.
    
    
33. Ricci C, NyadongL, FernandezFM, Newton PN, KazarianS (2007) Combined Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging and Desorption Electrospray Ionization Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Counterfeit Antimalarial Tablets. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 387, 551-9.
    
    
34. Ricci C, Eliasson C, Macleod NA, Newton PN, Matousek P, Kazarian SG (2007) Characterization of genuine and fake artesunate anti-malarial tablets using Fourier transform infrared imaging and spatially offset Raman spectroscopy through blister packs. Anal Bioanal Chem. 389, 1525-32.
    
    
35. Mayxay M, Taylor AM, Khanthavong M, Keola S, PongvongsaT, Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R, White NJ, Newton PN (2007) Thiamin deficiency and uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Laos. Trop Med Int Health 12, 1-7.
    
    
36. Mayxay M, Pongvongsa T, Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R, White NJ, Newton PN (2007) Diagnosis and management of malaria by rural community health providers in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos). Trop Med Int Health 12, 540-46.
    
    
37. Newton PN, Fernández FM, Green MD (2007) Counterfeit and substandard antimalarial drugs. In: Travelers’ Malaria, 2^nd ed (Ed., Patricia Schlagenhauf). BC Decker Inc. Hamilton, Canada, pp. 331-342.
    
    
38. Blacksell SB, MyintKSA, KhounsyS, PhruaravanhM, Mammen MP, DayNPJ, NewtonPN (2007) Prevalence of Hepatitis E virus antibodies in pigs: Implications for human infections in village-based subsistence pig farming in the Lao PDR. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 101, 305-7.
    
    
39. GreenMD, NetteyH, Villalva RojasO, PamanivongC,KhounsaknalathL, OrtizMG,NewtonPN, FernandezFM, VongsackL, Manolin O (2007) Use of refractometry and colorimetry as field methods to rapidly assess antimalarial drug quality. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 43, 105-110.
    
    
40. Mayxay M, Nair S, Sudimack D, Imwong M, Tanomsing N, Pongvongsa T, Phompida S, Phetsouvanh R, White NJ, Anderson TJC, Newton PN (2007) Combined Molecular And Clinical Assessment Of Plasmodium falciparum Antimalarial Drug Resistance In The Lao P.D.R (Laos). Am J Trop Med Hyg 77, 36-43.
    
    
41. Slesak G, Phanthavong P, Rasphone O, Luangxay K, Anoulakkham P, Pahatsalang V, Soumphonphakdy B, White JA, Newton PN (2007) Obstructive Biliary Ascariasis With Cholangitis And Hepatic Abscesses In Laos – A Case Report With Gall Bladder Ultrasound Video. Journal of Infection 54, e233-5.
    
    
42. Nyadong L, Green MD, De Jesus VR, Newton PN, Fernandez FM (2007) Reactive Desorption Electrospray Ionization Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry of Latest-Generation Counterfeit Antimalarials via Noncovalent Complex Formation. Anal. Chem. 79, 2150-2157.
    
    
43. Peacock SJ, Newton PN. (2007) Public health impact of establishing the cause of bacterial infections in rural Asia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102, 5-6.
    
    
44. Mayxay M, Khomthilat T, Souvannasing P, Phounesavath K, Vorasane B, Keomany S, Douangdala P, Philavong K, Srour L, Newton PN (2007) Factors associated with a measles outbreak in children admitted at Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Laos. BMC Public Health 7, 193.
    
    
45. Keomany S, Mayxay M, Souvannasing P, Vilayhong C, Stuart BL, Srour L, Newton PN (2007) Toad poisoning In Laos. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 77, 850-853.
    
    
46. Imwong M, Nair S, Pukrittayakamee S, Sudimack D, Williams JT, Mayxay M, Newton PN, Kim JR, Nandy A, Osorio L, Carlton JM, White NJ, Day NP, Anderson TJ. (2007) Contrasting genetic structure in Plasmodium vivax populations from Asia and South America. Int J Parasitol 37, 1013-22.
    
    
47. Chau TT, Campbell JI, Galindo CM, Van Minh Hoang N, Diep TS, Nga TT, Van Vinh Chau N, Tuan PQ, Page AL, Ochiai RL, Schultsz C, Wain J, Bhutta ZA, Parry CM, Bhattacharya SK, Dutta S, Agtini M, Dong B, Honghui Y, Anh DD, Canh DG, Naheed A, Albert MJ, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN, Basnyat B, Arjyal A, La TT, Rang NN, Phuong LT, Van Be Bay P, von Seidlein L, Dougan G, Clemens JD, Vinh H, Hien TT, Chinh NT, Acosta CJ, Farrar J, Dolecek C. (2007) Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi: Antimicrobial drug resistance in Asia and the molecular mechanism of reduced susceptibility to the fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51, 4315-23.
    
    
48. BlacksellSD, Mammen MP, Thongpaseuth S, Gibbons RV, JarmanRG, Jenjaroien K, NisalakA, Phetsouvanh R^, NewtonPN, Day NPJ (2007) Evaluation of the Panbio dengue virus NS1 antigen detection and IgM antibody ELISAs for the diagnosis of acute dengue infections in Laos. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 60, 43-49.
    
    
49. Newton PN, Green MD, Fernandez F (2007) Counterfeit Artemisinin Derivatives and Africa: Update from Authors PLoS Medicine 4, e139.
    
    
50. Barennes H, Simmala C, Odermatt P, Thaybouavone T, Vallee J, Martinez-Aussel B, Newton PN, Strobel M (2009) Postpartum traditions and nutrition practices among urban Lao women and their infants in Vientiane, Lao PDR. Eur J Clin Nutr 63, 323-31.
    
    
51. Cockburn R, Newton PN, Agyarko EK, Akunyili D, White NJ (2007) Correction: The Global Threat of Counterfeit Drugs: Why Industry and Governments Must Communicate the Dangers. PLoS Medicine 4, e289.
    
    
52. Blacksell SD, Bell D, Kelley J, Mammen MP Jr, Gibbons RV, Jarman RG, Vaughn DW, Jenjaroen K, Nisalak A, Thongpaseuth S, Vongsouvath M, Davong V, Phouminh P, Phetsouvanh R, Day NP, Newton PN. (2007) Prospective study to determine accuracy of rapid serological assays for diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection in Laos. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 14, 1458-64.
    
    
53. Amornchai P, Chierakul W, Wuthiekanun V, Mahakhunkijcharoen Y, Phetsouvanh R, Currie BJ, Newton PN, Vinh Chau N, Wongratanacheewin S, Day NP, Peacock SJ. (2007) Accuracy of Burkholderia pseudomallei identification using the API 20NE system and a latex agglutination test. J Clin Microbiol 45, 3774-6.
    
    
54. Fernandez FM, Green MD, Newton PN (2008) Prevalence and Detection of Counterfeit Pharmaceuticals: A Mini Review. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 47,585-590.
    
    
55. Keoluangkhot, V, Green M Nyadong L, Fernández FM, Mayxay M, Newton PN (2008) Impaired clinical response in a patient with uncomplicated falciparum malaria who received poor quality and underdosed intramuscular artemether. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 78, 552-555.
    
    
56. Paris DH, Blacksell SD, Stenos J, Graves SR, Unsworth NB, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN, Day NP. (2008) Real-time multiplex PCR assay for detection and differentiation of rickettsiae and orientiae. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102, 186-193
    
    
57. Rosenberg M, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN (2009) Meliodiosis. IN: Color Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. pp 163-165.
    
    
58. Newton PN, Fernández FM, Plançon A,  Mildenhall DC, Green MD, Ziyong L, Christophel EM, Phanouvong S, Howells S, McIntosh E, Laurin P, Blum N, Hampton CY, Faure K, Nyadong L, Soong SWR, Santoso B, Zhiguang W, Newton J, Palmer K (2008) A Collaborative Epidemiological Investigation into the Criminal Fake Artesunate Trade in South East Asia. PLoS Medicine 5, e32
    
    
59. Srour L, Watt B, Phengdy B, Khansoulivong K, Harris J, Bennett C, Strobel M, Dupuis C, Newton PN (2008) Noma in Laos: a stigma of severe poverty in rural Asia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 78, 539-542.
    
    
60. Barennes H, Sayasone S, Odermatt P, De Bruyne A, Hongsakhone S, Newton PN, Vongphrachanh P, Martinez-Aussel B, Strobel M, and Dupouy-Camet J (2008) A major trichinellosis outbreak suggesting a high endemicity of Trichinella infection in northern Laos. Am J Trop Med Hyg 78, 40-4
    
    
61. Phetsouvanh R, Nakatsu M, Arakawa E, Davong V, Vongsouvath M, Lattana O, Moore CE, Nakamura S, Newton PN (2008) Fatal bacteremia due to immotile Vibrio cholerae serotype O21 in Vientiane, Laos, a case report. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 7, 10.
    
    
62. Ricci C, Nyadong L, Yang F, Fernandez FM, Brown CD, Newton PN, Kazarian SG. (2008) Assessment of hand-held Raman instrumentation for in situ screening for potentially counterfeit artesunate antimalarial tablets by FT-Raman spectroscopy and direct ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 623, 178-86.
    
    
63. Paris DH, Blacksell SD, Newton PN, Day NP. (2008) Simple, rapid and sensitive detection of Orientia tsutsugamushi by loop-isothermal DNA amplification. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102, 1239-46
    
    
64. Paris DH, Jenjaroen K, Blacksell SD, Phetsouvanh R, Wuthiekanun V, Newton PN, Day NP, Turner GD. (2008) Differential patterns of endothelial and leucocyte activation in 'typhus-like' illnesses in Laos and Thailand. Clin Exp Immunol 153, 63-7.
    
    
65. Lee SJ, Stepniewska K, Anstey N, Ashley E, Barnes K, Binh TQ, D'Alessandro U, Day NP, de Vries PJ, Dorsey G, Guthmann JP, Mayxay M, Newton P, Nosten F, Olliaro P, Osario L, Pinoges L, Price R, Rowland M, Smithuis F, Taylor R, White NJ. (2008) The relationship between the haemoglobin concentration and the haematocrit in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J 7, 149
    
    
66. Dowell FE, Maghirang EB, Fernandez FM, Newton PN, Green MD (2008) Detecting Counterfeit Antimalarial Tablets by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.  Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 48, 1011-4.
    
    
67. Newton PN, Fernández FM, Green MD, Primo-Carpenter J,  White NJ (2009) Counterfeit And Substandard Anti-Infective. In Developing Countries. In: Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries. Ed. Sosa AJ, Byarugaba DK, Amábile-Cuevas CF, Hsueh P-R, Kariuki S, Okeke IN. Springer. pp 413-443.
    
    
68. Parola P, Blacksell SD, Phetsouvanh R, Phongmany S, Rolain J-M, Day NPJ, Newton PN, Raoult D (2008) Genotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi from humans with scrub typhus, Laos. Emerging Infectious Diseases 14, 1483-5.
    
    
69. Newton PN, Hampton C, Alter-Hall K, Teerwarakulpana T, Prakongpan S, Ruangveerayuth R, White NJ, Day NPJ, Tudino M, Mancuso N, Fernández F (2008) Characterisation Of Yaa Chud Medicine On The Thai-Burma Border: Selecting For Drug Resistant Malaria And Threatening Public Health. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79, 662-9.
    
    
70. Nair S, Miller B, Barends M, Jaidee A, Patel J, Mayxay M, Newton PN, Nosten F, Ferdig MT, Anderson TJ. (2008) Adaptive copy number evolution in malaria parasites. PLoS Genet 4, e1000243.
    
    
71. Pybus OG, Barnes E, Taggart R, LemeyP, Markov P, Rasachak B, Syhavong B, Phetsouvanah R, Sheridan I, Humphreys IS, Lu L, Newton PN, Klenerman (2008) The Genetic History Of The Hepatitis C Virus In East Asia. Journal Virology 83, 1071-1082.
    
    
72. PhetsouvanhR, Blacksell SD, JenjaroenK, DayNPJ, Newton PN (2009) Comparison of immunofluorescence assays, for the diagnosis of scrub typhus and murine typhus, using venous blood and finger prick filter paper blood spots. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 80, 837-840.
    
    
73. Newton PN, Lee SJ, Goodman C, Fernández FM, Yeung S, Phanouvong S, Kaur H, Amin AA, Whitty CJM, Kokwaro GO, Lindegårdh N, Lukulay P, White LJ, Day NPJ, Green MD, White NJ (2009) A discussion of guidelines for field surveys of the quality of medicines. PLoS Medicine 6(3), e1000052.
    
    
74. Angelakis E, Khamphoukeo K, Grice D, Newton PN, Roux V, Aplin K, Raoult D & Rolain JM (2009) Molecular detection of Bartonella species in rodents from the Lao PDR. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 15 (Suppl. 2), 95-97.
    
    
75. Day NPJ, Newton PNN (in press) Scrub Typhus and Other Tropical Rickettsioses. IN : Infectious Diseases. Eds Cohen J and Powderly WG. Mosby. Third Ed.
    
    
76. Newton PN, Rolain JM, Rasachack B, Mayxay M, Vathanatham K, Seng P, Phetsouvanh R, Thammavong T, Zahidi J, Suputtamongkol Y, Syhavong B, Raoult D (2009) Sennetsu Neorickettsiosis - A Probable Fish-Borne Cause Of Fever Rediscovered In Laos. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 81, 190–194.
    
    
77. Slesak G, Douangdala P, Inthalad S, Silisouk J, Vongsouvath M, Senguangphachanh A, Moore CE, Mayxay M, Matsuoka H, Newton PN (2009) Fatal Chromobacterium violaceum septicaemia in northern Laos, a modified oxidase test and post-mortem forensic family G6PD analysis. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 8, 24.
    
    
78. Sengaloundeth S, Green MD, Fernández FM, Manolin O, Phommavong K, Insixiengmay V, Hampton CY, Nyadong L, Mildenhall DC, Hostetler D, Khounsaknalath L, Vongsack L, Phompida S, Vanisaveth V, Syhakhang L, Newton PN (2009) A stratified random survey of the proportion of poor quality oral artesunate sold at medicine outlets in the Lao PDR - implications for therapeutic failure and drug resistance. Mal J 8, 172.
    
    
79. Zwang J, Ashley EA, Karema C, D'Alessandro U, Smithuis F, Dorsey G, Janssens B, Mayxay M, Newton P, Singhasivanon P, Stepniewska K, White NJ, Nosten F. (2009) Safety and efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in falciparum malaria: a prospective multi-centre individual patient data analysis. PLoS One 4, e6358.
    
    
80. Kaur H, Hostelter D, Fernández F, Green MD, Newton PN (2010) Antimalarial drug  quality – methods to detect suspect drugs. Therapy 7, 49-57.
    
    
81. Blacksell S, Jenjaroen K, Phetsouvanh R, Phonlavanh P, Phongmany S, Day NPJ, Newton PN  (2010) Accuracy of rapid IgM antibody-based immunochromatographic and immunoblot assays for the diagnosis of acute scrub typhus and murine typhus infections in Laos. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 83, 365–369.
    
    
82. Newton PN, Green MD, Fernández FM. (2010) Impact of poor-quality medicines in the 'developing' world. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 31, 99-101.
    
    
83. Newton PN, Day NJP (in press) Scrub typhus. In Hunter’s Tropical Medicine. Ed. A. Magill, J. Maguire, E. Ryan, T. Solomon. 6th edition
    
    
84. Midorikawa Y, Newton PN, Nakamura S, Phetsouvanh, Midorikawa K    (2009) A phenomenon useful for the detection of Salmonella implementing a device from citrus extracts. Trop Med Hlth 37, 115-120.
    
    
85. Syhavong  B, Rasachac  B, Smythe   L, RolainJ-M, Roque-Afonso   A-M, Jenjaroen  K, Soukkhaserm  V, Phongmany  S, Phetsouvanh  R, SoukkhasermS, ThammavongT, Mayxay  M, Blacksell  SD, Barnes  E, Parola  P, DussaixE, Raoult  D, Humphreys  I, Klenerman  P, WhiteNJ, Newton PN (2010) The infective causes of hepatitis and jaundice amonst hospitalised patients in Vientiane, Laos. Transactions of the. Royal Society of. Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 104, 475-83.
    
    
86. Tantibhedhyangkul W, Angelakis E, Tongyoo N, Newton PN, Moore CE, Phetsouvanh R, Raoult D, Rolain JM. (2010) Intrinsic fluoroquinolone resistance in Orientia tsutsugamushi. Int J Antimicrob Agents 35, 338-41.
    
    
87. Valecha N, Phyo AP, Mayxay M, Newton PN, Krudsood S, Keomany S, Khanthavong M, Pongvongsa T, Ruangveerayuth R, Uthaisil C, Ubben D, Duparc S, Bacchieri A, Corsi M, Rao BH, Bhattacharya PC, Dubhashi N, Ghosh SK, Dev V, Kumar A, Pukittayakamee S. (2010) An open-label, randomised study of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine for falciparum malaria in Asia. PLoS One 5, e1188.
    
    
88. Vallée J, Thaojaikong T, Moore CE, PhetsouvanhR, Richards AL, SourisM, Fournet  F,SalemG, GonzalezJ-P J, Newton PN (2010) Contrasting spatial distribution and risk factors for past infection with scrub typhus and murine typhus in Vientiane City, Lao PDR. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 4(12), e909.
    
    
89. Newton PN (2010) Leptospirosis. Lao Medical Journal 1, 14-22.
    
    
90. Blacksell S, Jenjaroen K, Phetsouvanh R, Wuthiekanun V, Day NPJ, Newton PN, Ching W-M  (2010) Accuracy of AccessBio immunoglobulin M and total antibody rapid immunochromatographic assays for the diagnosis of acute scrub typhus infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol.17, 263-266.
    
    
91. FernándezFM, HostetlerD, PowellK, KaurH, GreenMD, MildenhallDC, NewtonPN (2010) Poor Quality Drugs: Grand Challenges in High Throughput Detection, Countrywide Sampling, and Forensics in Developing Countries. Analyst DOI: 10.1039/c0an00627k
    
    
92. Khounnorath S,ChamberlainK, Taylor AM, Soukaloun D, Mayxay M, Lee SJ, Phengdy B, LuangxayK, Sisouk K, Soumphonphakdy B, Latsavong K, AkkhavongK, White NJ, Newton  PN (2011) Clinically unapparent infantile thiamin deficiency in Vientiane, Laos. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases e969.
    
    
93. Koh GCKW, Maude RJ, Paris DH, Newton PN, Blacksell SD (2010) Diagnosis of scrub typhus. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 82, 368-37.
    
    
94. Mayxay M,  PhetsouvanhR, MooreCE, ChansamouthV, VongsouvathM, SisouphoneS,  VongphachanhP,Thaojaikong T,  ThongpaseuthS, PhongmanyS, KeolouangkhotV, StrobelM, NewtonPN (2011) Predictive diagnostic value of the tourniquet test for the diagnosis of dengue infection among adults. Tropical Medicine & International Health 16, 127-33.
    
    
95. Mayxay M, Keomany S, Khanthavong M, Souvannasing P, Stepniewska K, Khomthilat T, Keola S, Pongvongsa T, Phompida S, Ubben D, Valecha N, White NJ, Newton PN (2010) A Phase III, randomized, non-inferiority trial to assess the efficacy and safety of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in comparison with artesunate-mefloquine in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in southern Laos.  American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 83, 1221-1229.
    
    
96. Mayxay M (2010) Malaria. Lao Medical Journal 1, 3-13.
    
    
97. Moore CE, Sengduangprachan A, Taojaikong T, Sirisouk J, Foster D, Phetsouvanh R, McGee L, Crook D, Newton PN, Peacock S (2010) Enhanced determination of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes associated with invasive disease in Laos using a real-time PCR serotyping assay on cerebrospinal fluid. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 83, 451–457.
    
    
98. Stepniewska K, Ashley E, Lee SJ, Anstey N, Barnes KI, Binh TQ, D'Alessandro U, Day NP, de Vries PJ, Dorsey G, Guthmann JP, Mayxay M, Newton PN, Olliaro P, Osorio L, Price RN, Rowland M, Smithuis F, Taylor WR, Nosten F, White NJ (2010) In vivo parasitological measures of artemisinin susceptibility. J Infect Dis 201, 570-9.
    
    
99. RattanavongS, WuthiekanunV, LanglaS, AmornchaiP, SirisoukJ, PhetsouvanhR, Moore CE, Peacock SJ, BuissonY, NewtonPN (2011) A randomized soil survey of the distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei in rice fields in Laos. Applied & Environmental Microbiology 77, 532-536.
    
    
100. Slesak G, Inthalad S, Strobel S, Marschal M, Hall MJR, Newton PN (2011) Chromoblastomycosis after a leech bite complicated by myiasis: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 11, 14.
     
     
101. Soukaloun D, Lee SJ, Chamberlain K, Taylor AM, Mayxay M, Sisouk K,  Soumphonphakdy B, Latsavong K, Akkhavong K,  Phommachanh D, SengmeuangV,  LuangxayK, McDonagh T, White NJ, Newton PN (2011) Erythrocyte transketolase activity, markers of cardiac dysfunction and the diagnosis of infantile beriberi. PloS Neglected Tropical Diseases, e971.
     
     
102. Phetsouvanh R (2010) Rickettsial diseases. Lao Medical Journal 1, 23-28.
     
     
103. Lubell Y, Staedke SG, Greenwood BM, Kamya MR, Molyneux M, Newton PN, Reyburn H, Snow RW, D’Alessandro U, English M, Day N, Kremsner P, Dondorp A, Mbacham W, DorseyG, Owusu-Agyei S, Maitland K, Krishna S, Newton C, Pasvol G, Taylor T, von Seidlein L, White NJ, Binka F, Mills A, Whitty CJM (2011) Likely Health Outcomes for Untreated Acute Febrile Illness in The Tropics in Decision and Economic Models; A Delphi Survey. PLoS One e17439.
     
     
104. SlesakG, MounlaphomeK, InthaladS, PhoutsavathO, MayxayM, NewtonPN (2011) Bowel obstruction from wild bananas: a neglected health problem in Laos. Trop Doctor 41: 85–90.
     
     
105. Khennavong M, Davone V, Vongsouvath M, Phetsouvanh R, Sirisouk J, Rattana O, Mayxay M, Castonguay-Vanier J, Moore CE, Strobel M, Newton PN (2011) Urine Antibiotic Activity In Patients Presenting To Hospitals In Laos: Implications For Worsening Antibiotic Resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85, 295-302.
     
     
106. Norsackprasert N, Thongsana S, Chu V, Mayxay M (2010) Risk Factors Associated with Hypertension among Lao Adults in Vientiane, Laos. Lao Medical Journal 1: 40-45.
     
     
107. Thongphachanh I, Manivong L, Mayxay M (2010) Are All Newly Graduated Medical Doctors Recruited in the Government Health Sectors? Lao Medical Journal 1: 46-52.
     
     
108. Dance DAB (in press) Milestones in the History of Melioidosis. In: Melioidosis: A Century of Observation and Research. 1st Edition, Natkunam Ketheesan (Editor). Elsevier Press.
     
     
109. Dance DAB (in press) Melioidosis as an emerging disease. In: Melioidosis: A Century of Observation and Research. 1st Edition, Natkunam Ketheesan (Editor). Elsevier Press.
     
     
110. Salam AP, Khan N, Malnick H, Kenna DTD, Dance DAB, Klein JL (2011). Melioidosis Acquired by Traveler to Nigeria. Emerging Inf Dis 17: 1296-1298.
     
     
111. Dance DAB (2011). Treatment of Melioidosis. Lao Medical Journal 2, 15-26.
     
     
112. Peacock SJ, Cheng AC, Currie BJ, Dance DAB (2011) The Use of Positive Serological Tests as Evidence of Exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei. Am J Trop Med Hyg 84: 1021-1022
     
     
113. Mok S, Imwong M, Mackinnon MJ, Sim J, Ramaodoss R, Yi P, Mayxay M, Chotivanich K, Liong KY, Russel B, Socheat D, Newton PN, Day NP, White NJ, Preiser PR, Nosten F, Dondorp AM, Bozdech Z (2011) Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is associated with an altered temporal pattern of transcription. BMC Genomics 12(1), 391.
     
     
114. Mayxay M (2011) Parenteral artesunate will save ~ 200,000 children with severe malaria annually. Lao Medical Journal 2: 3-8.
     
     
115. Mayxay M (2011) Lao infants with vitamin B1 deficiency without apparent signs. Lao Medical Journal 2: 9-14.
     
     
116. Phouangsouvanh S, Rajphon A, Phothisane S, Briayee B, Maxay M (2011) Post-graduation expectations of final-years medical students. Lao Medical Journal 2: 27-32.
     
     
117. Outthachack V, Sihavong A, Mayxay M (2011) Home care of under 5-children with diarrhea by caregivers before presenting to central hospital, Vientiane, Lao PDR. Lao Medical Journal 2: 33-40.
     
     
118. Vidhamaly S, Phommasone K, Chansamouth V, Phongmany S, Keoluangkhot V, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN (2011) TB meningitis: an important problem which should not be neglected in Laos. Lao Medical Journal 2: 47-53.
     
     
119. Chang K, Chansamouth V, Phommasone K, Phongmany S, Keoluangkhot V, Phetsouvanh R, Newton PN (2011) Serological diagnosis for infectious diseases: not as easy as it appears. Lao Medical Journal 2: 54-59.
     
     
120. Stoesser N, Crook D, Moore C, Phetsouvanh R, Chansamouth V, Newton PN, Jones N (2011) Characteristics of CTX-M ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates from the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, 2004-2009. J Antimicrob Chemo doi:10.1093/jac/dkr434
     
     
121. Mayxay M, Khanthavong M, Chanthongthip O, Imwong M, Lee S, Stepniewska K, Soonthornsata, B, Pongvongsa T, Phompida S, Hongvanthong B, Ringwald P, White NJ, Newton PN (in press) No evidence for spread of Plasmodium falciparum artemisinin resistance to southern Laos. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene
     
     
122. Newton PN, Amin A, Bird C, Passmore P, Dukes G, Tomson G, Simons B, Bate B, Guerin P, White NJ (in press) The primacy of public health considerations in defining poor quality medicines. PLoS Medicine
     
     
123. ConlanJV, Sripa B, Attwood S, Newton PN  (2011) A review of parasitic zoonoses in a changing Southeast Asia. Vet Parasitol 182: 22-40.
     
     
124. Paris D, Chansamouth V, Nawtaisong P, Löwenberg E Phetsouvanh R, Blacksell S, Lee S, Dondorp A, van der Poll T, Newton PN, Levi M, Day N (in press) Coagulation and inflammation in scrub typhus and murine typhus – a prospective comparative study from Laos. Clin Micro Infec
     
     
125. Newton PN, Green MD, Mildenhall DC, Plancon A, Nettey H, Nyadong L, Hostetler DM, Swamidoss I, Harris GA, Powell K, Timmermans AE, Amin AA, Opuni SK,  Barbereau S, Faurant C, Soong RCW, Faure K, Thevanayagam J, Fernandes P, Kaur H, Angus B, Stepniewska K, Guerin PJ, Fernandez FM (in press) Poor quality vital anti-malarials in Africa - an urgent neglected public health priority. Malaria Journal

Counterfeit drugs

There are severe but neglected problems with poor medicine quality globally, but especially for anti-infective medicines in the tropics which have important but under-recognised impact on public health. Poor quality drugs have clear importance for individual patients, in terms of death, treatment failure, prolonged sickness, excess health expenditure, and lost income. Poor quality drugs also have far reaching consequences for society, resulting in loss of confidence in efficacious medicines and health systems, and economic losses to patients, health systems, their employment, and the pharmaceutical industry.  We are conducting random sampling of medicines to objectively estimate the prevalence of counterfeit and sub-standard drugs, evaluating new rapid assessment techniques for medicine quality and advocating that much more is done to improve the quality of the medicine supply. We host the coordination for the new Anti-Malarial Quality module of WWARN (www.wwarn.org) to tabulate, map, disseminate and discuss global data on the quality of antimalarial medicines.’

We work with the Food and Drug Department and Food and Drug Quality Control Centre, Government of the Loa PDR, in collaboration with Dr Michael Green, CDC-USA, on the quality of the drug supply in Laos.  Together we conducted the first randomised country-wide survey of the prevalence of substandard and counterfeit antimalarials was conducted, supported by the British Embassy, Bangkok, and this gives the first objective estimate of the prevalence of poor-quality drugs in the country.

We also act as a coordinating centre for samples of suspected counterfeit antimalrials. We analyse the packaging and send samples for chemical analysis by our chemist collaborators Professor Facundo Fernandez, of Georgia Tech and Dr Green. We produce a warning sheet which describes the different types of counterfeit artesunate found. See Fake Artesunate Warning Sheet <http://www.tropmedres.ac/images/fake artesunate warning sheet no 5a 26.08.2006.pdf> . This has been translated into Lao and Burmese languages.

We helped coordinate a large  collaboration of INTERPOL, scientists, doctors, Chinese police and WHO to trace the origin of the epidemic of fake artesunate.  When the chemical and botanical (pollen) evidence suggested that the fakes were coming from southern China, the Chinese Government launched their own criminal investigation and arrested some of those responsible.

Hologram on Counterfeit artesunate packaging                                           Hologram on Genuine artesunate packaging

Staff in Laos

Dr Rattanaphone Phetsouvanh, Director of Microbiology Laboratory
Dr Manivanh Vongsouvath, Deputy Director of Microbiology Laboratory
Dr Mayfong Mayxay, Government Research Physican
Dr Vilida Chansamouth, Government Research Physician
Mrs Viengmon Davong, Government Head Laboratory Technician
Mrs Olay Lattana, Government Deputy Head Laboratory Technician
Ms Viengmala Sihalath, Government Administrator
Mrs Phonlavanh Phouminh, Government Laboratory Technician
Mrs Joy Sirisouk, Government Laboratory Technician
Ms Amphonsavanh Sendouuangphachanh, Government Laboratory Technician
Mr Phonpasith Panyanouvong, Government Laboratory Technician
Mrs Bountoy Sibounheuang, Government Laboratory Technician
Ms Manivone Simmalavong, Government Laboratory Technician
Mrs Latsanyphone Bouthasavong, Government Laboratory Technician
Ms Amphayavanh Seupsavith, Government Laboratory Technician
Mrs Khamphouang Vannala, Government Laboratory Assistant
Mrs Khanthaly Souksamsamlan, Government Cleaner
Mrs Noy  Bonmanivong, Government Cleaner
Dr Paul Newton, Director of Collaboration
Dr Catrin Moore, Director of Laboratory Research
Mr Sengkham Symanivong, Collaboration Administrator
Mr Vilaphonh Manivanh, Collaboration Computer/Database Manager
Mr Narongchai Thongyoo, Research Scientist
Dr Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Research Scientist
Mrs Thaksinaporn Taojaikong, Research Scientist
Mrs Jarasporn Tangkhabuantra, Research Scientist
Mrs Anisone Chanthongthip, Collaboration Research Technician
Mr Souliyasak Thongpaseuth, Collaboration Research Technician
Mr Chantala Vilayhong, Collaboration Research Technician
Mr Somdee Xayalath, Collaboration Research Technician
Mr Sengchanh Yeuichaixong, Collaboration Research Technician
Mr Somphone Opphalavong, Collaboration Administrative Assistant
Ms Soundathra Chanthapaseuth, Collaboration Data Clerk
Ms Vonglatsamy Ratanavong, Collaboration Data Clerk
Mr Viengsavanh Vongsouvath, Gardener, Night Watchman and Goat Keeper

Dr Stuart Blacksell is based in Bangkok and is responsible for laboratory liaison between Laos and Bangkok and serological support for the Lao research, especially on rickettsia. In addition, Professor Nick Day, and Dr Daniel Paris of MORU in Bangkok are closely involved with the rickettsial research of the Collaboration. Drs Phetsouvanh and Paris are carrying out their PhD fieldwork in the Collaboration and students from the Internal medicine and Paediatric Residency training programme (see http://www.healthfrontiers.org/Projects/Laos/laos.htm) and the Francophone Institute of Tropical Medicine (see http://www.ifmt.auf.org) carry out collaborative research projects with us.

Working in rural Laos

Vientiane, as a capital city, is unlikely to be representative of this ethnically and geographically diverse country. We are therefore studying the causes of fever at rural sites outside the capital. We support a blood culture service, with the flying and busing of culture bottles to Vientiane from Luang Nam Tha Provincial Hospital, in northern Laos, and Attapeu and Salavan Provinicial Hospitals in southern Laos, with a major aim being to prospectively document changes in the antibiotic resistance pattern of S. typhi. We are examining the causes of fever, particularly rickettsial diseases, dengue, leptospirosis and Japanese encephalitis infections, and the prevalence of thiamine deficiency among the inhabitants of Xienglekok, in southern Laos. We hope that this work will allow some conclusions on the disease burden in rural Laos, where 80% of the population live.